peters



India-na, haveinvented a new and useful `the end ofithe lower roller, E, which pulleys are seen in figs 1 an @uitrit tetes getint @fitta IMPROVEMENT IN HAND-SPINNING MAcIIINBs.

WILLIAM LIIAoH AND JOSEPH LEAGH, 0F STEWABTsvILLE,` INDIANA." f

Letterslatent No. 60,202, dated December 4, 1866. l i' SPEGNFICATIC- i TOALL WIIOM I'l` MAY CONCERIT:` l

. Ic it known that we, WILLIAM and JOSEPH LEACH, of Stewartsville, in the county of Posey, and State of Improvement in Spinning Machines; and we do hereby declare that the l following is. a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled .in` the art to make and use the same, reference being Ahad to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure I, sheet I, is a plan of a machine made according lto our invention. Figure Q is a side elevation showing the ycrank..

Figure 3,.sheet II, is a front elevation.

Figure 4 is a vertical section in theplane indicated lcy the lino fr, of iig. 3. Figure 5 sheet III, is a horizontal section on thc line y, of 6. Figure 6 is a side yvienr opposite to that seen in iig. 2.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts. A

The object of this invention is to produccra machine which will take the place `ofthe old-fashioned hand- ,i wheel, while it .will not be expensive and cumbrous like the jack. The roll or sliver is introduced at the back of the machine, between drawing rollers, from whence it passes throughitwo sots of twisters,.aud two other drawing i rollers, in alternation, so as to stretch and twist the yarn without requiring the use of atravellingcarriage asi; i a ]ack or mule.` Several twistcrs canbe placedbetween the different sots of drawingrollers, andconsequently u several threads can be drawn out at the same time, The bach set of rollers are revolved with a comparatively i V slow motion, the middle rollers'are revolved much faster, and the front rollers turn at a higher speed still, the l twisters, which consist of revolving tubes'placedbetween the several sets of rollers, servingftoitwist and thereby strengthen the yarn while it isbeingdrawn out. rIroin the front rollers the severalyarns are carried downward y to the iiyers, which are placed on a lower part of the frame'of the machine, and which wind them on spoolsin the usual way. The spools rest. on a frame to which a vertical reciprocating motion is given, so to y canse theI thread to be wound evenly on them. This improvement is applicable in spinning all k'indsl of brous materials, but it is especially meant for spinning wool. being made to support the journals of the horizontal sha form, and the devices are so made and arranged, as t if a travelling carriage was employed, as in the ordinary jack.

The letter A designates-the driving pulley which gives mo that goes around the pulley, B, secured to .the'shaft` of drum, the other parts arc`transmitted from this ldrum by means of bands. ilyers by means of bands, e, the whirls, It, of said spindles.A These pulleys on the whirls, R, are o operator to chan ge the speed of the spindle, as is n contrary. The drum, S, is similar to the tin drum or cy the spindles are of the ordinary construction. The spools rest on a bar in its lowest position upon the cross-piece, N, made through the sides' of `the frame near its front, and are there connected by rods, M, with levers, L and O, the latter boing of elbow form, and both being keyed on the ends i -shaft through the elbow lever, O, and aconnecting rod, P, which is conhezs'ide-of the frame near its back tion to the drum or cylinder, S, through a band It runs the `s'pindles`,"`d, of the ,spools` and f different diameters, to enable the lind'er of a jack. The spools, Land iiyerspI, on

the frame g motion is given to this rock nected hy a crank-pin to the face of a pulley, y, whose shaft hasta bearing in t part, said pulley being driven means of this construction the bar, K, is raised an J, up and down past those arms of the in regular layers.` The spindles, ci, pass through the bar,`K, and cross-piece,"Q, and are stepped in alower cross-piece of the frame seen in iigs. 3 and 4 i one at each end `ofthe drum, bands from which drive shafts U and V, the shaft U being driven by the band d lowered in alternation for thcpurpose of carrying the spools,

which gocsfaround la U, has several pulleys of diierent dia from them are made to pass around a pulley,

The frame-which supports the machinery is rectangular,itssides:` y i its and rollers. The frame is oi` sucl1 dimensions and"` i i o 4fit the machine for family use, which could not boI done S, without -the frame. The movements of all (see figs. 4 and 5,) that go around one or another of several pulleys formedfoni l ecessary in changing frein coarse to fine yarn, and the ,i

or platform, K, which is supportediwhen i of 'the frame. The ends of the bars,`K, go `through vertical slots, y l

of spreek-shaft, H, Vwhich extends across by a band Afrom a smallpulley on'the shaft of the lower drawing rollerfli; y By "I iiyers which deliver the yarn, and thereby cause theyarn to be wound The shaft of drum S, Within the frame, has twomsmall pulleys;

rge pulley T, and' the shaftV V being driven by the band y, shown in iig. 5.` 'Ihe.sl1aft,`

meters ou its right hand end beyond the frame, observing rig.`3,and hands, Y y

X, on tire-shaft of the iow'cr roller, `F,and.around pulley",`h,` on` y I d 6. This shaft, U, `alsoliastivo pulleys, z', enit .i

within the frame, (see figs. hand 5f)'bands, fm, from whichgo around sheaves formed on the circumferenceA of the back twisters, G. Thus it is seen that the back and middledrawing rollers, F E, and the back twisters are driven from the same shaft, U. The shaft, V, has two pulleysm'j, which are connected by bands, n, with pulleys formed on the forward twisters. The same shaft, V, alsodrives the forward drawing rollers, D, by means of a band which goes around the outside pulley, C, of the shaft, and an outside pulley, W, on one end of.the lower roller, D. The drawingrollers are geared together at the ends of the lower roller of each setas is illustrated in the case of the forward drawing rollers, D. The object in gearing the rollers together is to produce a steady, uniform motion, andto overcome the resistance caused by the twist in the yarn toits passage through or between the rollers. The lower rollers of each set extend across the frame, but the upper rollers of each set are divided into two parts, whose inner ends arejournalled in the sides of a bar, 6,. sc t on-its edge and extending from one end of vthe frame to the other above the lower rollers. The barwis supported on standards,p p, which rise from a platform @that divides the frame horizontally. By dividing the top rollers we prevent one thread from interfering with another in their passage, each thread having a separate top roller. The top rollers rest on the lower rollers, a nd they may be so connected with the 4machine as to be capable of being lifted out at theirjournals. The twi'sters, lGr, are tubes Whose ends are fitted to turn freely in standards, 1' 1*, which rise from the platform, g. Each twister has two or more sheaves that receive the bands, mand n, respectively, from their driving shafts, Vr The perferations through the twister-s, which give them the character of tubes, are at one side of their centres, and when the twisters are revolving the axles of the perforations alternately rise up to and descend below th e level of the tops of the lower rollers. The object of this construction is to cause an alternation in the-tension of the yarn which is being drawn through therollers, such tensionv being relieved during every revolution of the twisters,` bythe rising of the yarn to the level of the tops of the lower rollers owing to the eecentricity of such perforations. Although we use the drawing roller, spindle, and yer common in spinning machinery, yet ourmachine differs, as far as we are aware, from any 'machine heretofore known, in construction and in the method of operation. As com-pared with ajack, we producethe drawing and twisting of the wool without the backward motion of a carriage, as in that machine. We accomplish these 'results by introducing two sets of twisters alternately between three sets of drawing rollers placed at such distances apart as to make the required draw and twist upon the condensed roll of sliver. We consider this an improvement, because the motions of the .operative parts are continuous and constant, and consequently the thread is more even than when made by ,piecemeal, as in the jack and in other spinning machines having a moving carriage. Furthermore, we save the great labor and care requiredmf the spinner in machines where the threads are drawn out and wound on the spindles xa few yards at a time.' Our machine produces a good threadbysiniply turning the crank on the driving pulley, and therefore the long practice and care necessary to spin skilfully lonthe common domestic spinning-wheel are not here reopiired,v but children and feeble persons can work-our machine with ease. 'It is especially'useful in spinning wool, but it will also spin cotton, it being only necessary-to vary the speed according tothe nature of the material operated upon. c

In operatingthe machine, the operator sits or stands at the right-hand back corner, where the drivin g-wheel is placed. This wheel, which may be turned by a crank, or by a treadle, gives motion to the drum, and through it to the rest of the machine, as above stated. The back drawing rollers are turned at a comparatively slow speed. The slivers are fed in between thern,going'thence toward the front of the machine, passing through the back twisters and thencebetween the middle rollers, which turn about seven times faster than the back rollers, thereby causing the slivers t0 be both twisted and stretched. The slivers pass thence through the front twisters and between the front rollers, which latter revolve about'one-third faster than the middle rollers, so as to make an additional stretch on the yarn, While the twisters prevent them from breaking. One foot of sliver by these operations becomes stretched to eight or ten times its original length, and when it is delivered from the front rollers, the spindle puts 'the necessary twist on it while the iiyer winds it on the spool, whose reciprocations up and down cause the thread to be properly distributed in winding. As the last inch orso of the 'sliver approaches the back'rollers, a fresh sliver is attached to it and the back twister eifectually connects them together, thus continuing the operation indefinitely. The speed at which the rollers are drivencan be varied ingany convenient way, by speed-pulleys or other devices. Y

Having thus. described our invention, we claim as new, and deslreto secure by Letters Patent- 1. As an improvement in a hand-spinning machine the arrangement of two sets of twisters'to each thread,

each twister having three ormore grooves, for the purpose of varying the` amount of twist to suit different kinds of wool, and the same being placed immediately behind the front and middle rollers, so as to retain the twist close up to said rollers in the manner as and for the purpose specified. i l o 2. We also claim raising and lowering the spools J, by means of the platform K, the connecting rods P and Mthe levers O L, and the rock-shaft H, substantially as described. l

WILLIAM LEACII, JOSEPH LEACII.

Witnesses WILLIAM T. COLLINS, JuLIUs C. MILLER. 

